To understand Christ, we have to start with the Trinity, which consists of one divine being, God, who is comprised of three distinct persons, each with a unique role: The Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Christology is essentially the study of the person of Jesus Christ, the Son: who he is in relation to the other two persons of the Trinity, his divine and human natures, and his mission to save humanity from its otherwise inescapable fallenness.
In the historic Apostles Creed, we are told of:
Jesus Christ, [God’s] only Son, Our Lord,
Who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried.
He descended into Hell; the third day He rose again from the dead;
He ascended into Heaven, and sitteth at the right hand of God, the Father almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead.
The Holy Spirit overshadowed Mary and nine months later was born the savior of the world. He lived the life we should have lived, taught us the true nature of God. He was condemned by the rulers of his own people and handed over to a Roman leader named Pilate, who did what was reasonable to try let the man go free. But in the end, Jesus was treated as an exceptional criminal, as a traitor to the Roman republic, and received the horrific punishment of being beaten, scourged, stripped naked, and nailed to a cross to die.
Jesus was given a fairly normal Jewish burial, though in a tomb beyond his family’s ability to pay, but was not given with the standard burial treatment due to it being the Sabbath.1 Three days later, he arose from the dead, the firstfruits of the new kingdom he has initiated and will eventually complete when he returns in glory to judge all people.
Christology, then, consists of making sense of this man, this God, for Jesus was both God and man. He was both one with the Father, equal in power and glory, as well as a man, born of woman and with all the limitations of humanity.
1 The women who discovered the empty tomb had come to complete the task of preparing Jesus’ body